Optical fibers are thin, flexible, and transparent fibers made of highly pure glass or plastic that are used to transmit light signals over long distances. They are commonly used in telecommunications, medical imaging, and other applications where high-speed and high-bandwidth data transmission is required. Optical fibers work based on the principle of total internal reflection, where light is continuously reflected within the core of the fiber, allowing the signal to travel long distances without losing its intensity. The use of optical fibers has revolutionized the way we communicate and transmit data, enabling faster and more efficient information transfer compared to traditional copper cables.